Current Laws and Regulations
有几项法律规定危险废物的产生和处置. These laws and their accompanying regulations were meant to regulate hazardous waste from the "cradle to grave". 有五套法律和法规适用于一个小数量的发电机(SQG)相对于废物的处理.
- Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)授予联邦环保署管理危险废物的权力.
- 综合环境复垦、赔偿与责任法 (CERCLA) - Also known as "Superfund". Pays for cleanup of old waste sites.
- 交通部(DOT)条例 -管制危险废物运输的方法.
- Illinois Special Waste Regulations -管理伊利诺斯州危险和许多非危险特殊废物的处置
- Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments of 1984 (HSWA)以多种方式扩大RCRA的范围,包括建立SQG法规.
小批量发电机(SQG)的定义是任何企业或发电机产生的危险废物总量大于200磅. per month (approximately 1/2 of a 55 gallon drum) and less than 2200 lbs per month (approximately five 55 gallon drums). A large quantity generator is a business or generator that produces a sum of waste greater than 2200 lbs. per month.
为了估计所产生废物的磅数而确定是否产生了危险废物并不总是容易的. The following is a list of hazardous wastes generally procured by an automotive service department, but it is not all-inclusive. In general, 如果你对废物的危险状况有任何疑问, 请参阅产品的材料安全数据表或联系供应商或制造商.
- degreasers
- carburetor cleaners parts
- solvents paint containing heavy metals
- paint thinners
- laquer thinners
- cleaning residues
- used motor oil; currently an "Illinois Special Waste"
- batteries
It is important to remember that under CERCLA, 任何曾与某一特定危险废物场有过任何关系的人都可以被视为潜在责任方(PRP),并可以承担全部或部分清理费用.
这可能不仅包括网站的运营商, 还有那些把材料运到现场的人 generated material that was sent to the site. 过去的处理方式是否合法并不重要.
The majority of dealership service and bodyshop departments will generate less than 2200 lbs per month. 因此,以下法规要求将针对SQG.
Notification Requirements: 如果经销商确定它实际上是SQG, 它必须将其活动通知美国保护署(USEPA)和伊利诺伊州环境保护署(IEPA) . 这是通过填写美国环保局的正规的网赌软件8700-12,并邮寄给IEPA来完成的. SQG还需要填写伊利诺斯州发电机I.D. Number Request Form. 这两份正规的网赌软件均可通过国际环境保护署(IEPA)获得,地址是217/7826760.
Storage Requirements: SQG可在现场累积危险废物长达180天, or 270 days if the nearest licensed treatment, 储存和处置(TSD)设施在200多英里之外. 总储存量不能超过13200磅. 现场存放危险废物时,必须采取以下预防措施:
- Hazardous wastes must be stored in containers that are in good condition and compatible with the waste being stored.
- 容器必须清楚地标明“危险废物”字样和首次放入容器的日期.
- 集装箱必须至少每周由发电机检查一次. If the container begins to leak, the contents must be immediately transferred to another container.
- 容器在储存期间应保持关闭,除非添加或清除废物.
- 不相容的废物不得放在同一个容器内.
- 经销商的所有者/经营者必须确保所有员工熟悉正确的废物处理和紧急程序. This is not as stringent a requirement as the formalized training requirements for large quantity generators. Instead, 它要求员工知道电话在哪里, where the spill control material is, how to use a fire extinguisher, etc.
- 如果发生火灾或泄漏扩散超出了财产, 经销商必须联系国家响应中心800/424-8802.
- 一般来说,消防安全标准必须符合国家消防协会规范.
Transporters and Disposal Facilities: sqg必须使用具有IEPA标识号的运输工具和处置设施,并被允许处理产生的废物类型.
Manifesting Requirements: 清单是一页正规的网赌软件,有5份复写副本. 它伴随危险废物从其起源点(小数量产生器)到其处置点(TSD设施)。. 它的目的是跟踪从“摇篮到坟墓”的运输,以确保危险废物的运输到达预定的目的地. 随着货物运往最后的处理点, 复写会被撕掉或者由发电机保存, transporters, 和TDS的,或根据清单指示发送给IEPA.
如果要将废物运出州,则应使用接收州的清单. 经常检查接收垃圾的州的环境机构,以了解该州的任何特殊要求.
Record-Keeping Requirements: The new SQG regulations require that generators keep their copies of each manifest for three years. HWRIC建议生成器无限期地保留这些副本.
Above and beyond the minimum requirements, it is advisable for SQGs to keep well-organized records in every aspect of their hazardous waste activities, including:
- 用于进行数量测定的程序的书面文件.
- 危险废物活动通知原件复印件.
- 从美国环保局收到的收货确认和编号分配的副本.
- Contracts with haulers and TSDs.
- 符合存储要求的记录.
- 所有已经发出的货物舱单的复印件.
也建议将这些记录保存得井井有条,并放在检查时可以迅速找到的地方. 良好的记录将使检查进行得比记录不完整和没有组织好要顺利得多.
Illinois Special Waste Requirements: 伊利诺斯州已经将危险废物的数量控制在220磅. 自1979年起通过其特殊的废物管理条例. These regulations apply not only to hazardous wastes, but also to all "industrial process wastes", i.e., used motor oil.
被伊利诺伊州定义为特殊废物的废物, 肩负同样的“从摇篮到坟墓”的责任.
Anti-Freeze: 美国环保署和国际环境保护署没有将使用的防冻剂归类为危险废物. The IEPA has stated that it is permissible to dispose of anti-freeze in your local sanitary system, 一旦收到当地卫生部门的书面许可.
To determine whether your local sanitary district accepts or prohibits the disposal of anti-freeze, you should contact the district office, or the IEPA Division of Water, Industrial Permit Section.
如果您的卫生区域禁止使用的防冻剂进入系统, check with your hazardous waste disposal company regarding the disposal or recycling of the anti-freeze.
What To Look For, Where To Find It:
经销商可以考虑三种不同类型的公司:
- Transporter to pick up and haul the waste.
- 转移和储存设施,将发电机的废物与其他类似类型的废物结合起来,以装运适合带到大型处置或回收公司的大小.
- 最终处置或回收废物的环境运输及发展部设施.
这是明智的处理处置或回收公司提供服务的所有三个领域.
Evaluating a Disposal or Recycling Facility:
Before selecting a disposer, 经销商应该问一些基本的问题,并确保某些要求得到满足:
- TSDs must have a hazardous waste I.D. 数字与生成器从美国环保署和国际环境保护署收到的数字相似. When shipping to out-of-state TSD facilities, 发电机应确保检查接收废物的国家的许可证要求.
- TSD facilities must be permitted to dispose of or treat the particular type of wastes received from the generator.
- 应仔细审查以前的违规记录. 如果经销商对如何处理垃圾有任何疑问或疑问, it can contact the IEPA, as these records are open to public scrutiny. 大多数的运输安全部门都曾因某些违规行为被引用过, but consistent or serious violations, 或者,继续得不到解决的侵权行为可能是麻烦的迹象. 这也是一个很好的建议,与IEPA的人员,谁实际进行TSD检查.
- 运输及库务局设施必须有能力在废物处置场的使用期限届满时支付关闭费用,并且必须有保险,以赔偿因突发事故或长期环境泄漏而造成的长期损害. Always ask to see proof of insurance and financial stability.
The most important point to remember is that a common-sense approach must be used in evaluating a TSD. 一些设施在获得所有适当许可的情况下运行, 但经营不善,最终成为超级基金网站. 经销商必须仔细评估他们的选择, 只使用他们认为值得信赖的设施. As the generator, 您承担“从摇篮到坟墓”的责任,并最终负责正确处理经销商产生的所有废物.
GOOD HOUSEKEEPING PRACTICES
Why Are Good Housekeeping Practices Important?
危险废物的潜在危险并不会因为它被放入容器而消失. 许多化学品泄漏和工伤都是由于集装箱管理不当或不安全造成的.
Accidents happen. Hazardous waste spills, 火灾和爆炸会导致严重的伤害, significant property damage, and expensive clean-up costs. It is your responsibility to minimize these accidents by following the basic good housekeeping practices in this guide.
What Is A Proper Waste Container?
将危险和非危险特殊废物储存在状况良好且与被储存废物相容的容器内(i.e.,强酸不应存放在无衬里的钢桶中).
Keep incompatible wastes in separate areas to reduce the risk of a potentially dangerous reaction and accident. 不相容的废物不应放在同一个容器内. Mixing a spent acid (i.e.例如,硫酸)与废碱物质(如硫酸)混合.e.(如氢氧化钠)会导致危险的高温或剧烈的化学反应.
保持储存容器关闭,除非添加或移除废物. 这将有助于减少一些挥发性气体的蒸发,并最大限度地减少泄漏的机会, fires or explosions.
How Do I Design A Proper Storage Area?
Store containers on pallets so leaks can be detected early and the containers can be moved easily during an emergency.
Waste storage areas should have a diked, 无裂缝的混凝土地板或衬垫,以防集装箱漏水, 废物不会污染下面或邻近的土壤, sewers, or bodies of waters.
集装箱之间应该有足够的通道空间(至少30英寸),以便方便检查集装箱,并方便移动紧急情况和溢出控制设备.
将集装箱储存在屋顶下,以防止天气的影响. This will reduce corrosion, infiltration of water through the bung holes, 以及风化对标签和标志的影响.
Why Should I Label Containers?
在容器上清楚地贴上标签,这样你就能随时知道里面装的是什么. 例如,如果你正在积累有害废物,在标签上写上“有害废物”. Include an easily understood description of the waste and the hazards associated with the waste (i.e., "ignitable" or "toxic").
Record the date you begin accumulating hazardous waste and mark the date on the container when it is full. 这些步骤将帮助您确定在一个日历月中您产生了多少有害废物. 你产生的浪费量决定了你必须满足什么要求.
When you transfer a waste (i.e., 危险或非危险的特殊废物)到另一个容器, 确保你在新容器上粘贴了标签,并从旧容器上删除了标签(除非你将在之后立即使用它来存放相同类型的废物).
How Are Containers To Be Emptied And Disposed?
所有废物容器可运往固体废物堆填区或废金属商,但须将容器内的废物及残渣全部移走. Remove all wastes by triple rinsing the container with a solvent capable of dissolving any residue in the container.
如果你不能完全清空一个废物容器, 你必须把容器送到一个特殊的废物
LANDFILL OR A HAZARDOUS WASTE LANDFILL.
要将危险废物容器送往特殊废物堆填区,你必须:
- 尽可能清除所有残留,在容器或容器中留下少于一英寸的残留;
- 在容器的总容量中留下少于3%的残留物.g.: three percent of a 55-gallon drum is 1.7 gallons).
These containers can then be sent to a special waste landfill.
However, containers that stored hazardous waste and still contain stubborn waste residue must be sent to a hazardous waste landfill.
有关您在业务中可能存在的浪费类型的更多信息, 请参阅国际环境保护署简报:“如何确定你产生的废物类型和你的责任”,
When Should I Conduct A Self-Inspection?
Inspect the containers every week. If a container begins to corrode or leak, 立即清理垃圾并转移到另一个容器.
How Should I Prepare For Emergencies?
如果你有准备,严重的事故可以减少到最低限度. 与当地有关部门(警察、消防部门等)进行协调.),让他们熟悉储存物料的种类和设施的布局.
Designate an "emergency coordinator." This coordinator might be the owner, foreman, 或者是每个班的主要负责人,并且应该随时待命.
张贴紧急协调员的姓名和电话号码, the location of fire extinguishers, spill control material, the fire alarm, 旁边还有消防部门和伊利诺斯州应急管理局的电话号码.
设施的所有者或经营者应确保所有雇员熟悉适当的废物处理和应急程序(一).e., what materials are hazardous, where the telephone is, where the spill control materials are, how to use the fire extinguisher, etc.).
What If An Accidental Spill Or Leak Occurs?
Clean up any chemical spills or leaks immediately 这样你就不会污染地表水、地下水、土壤或下水道系统.
致电伊利诺伊州应急管理机构(IEMA),拨打24小时紧急电话(800/782-7860),报告任何化学品泄漏或泄漏.
Things To Remember?
不要将任何废物弃置到露天排土场、溪谷、沟渠、地面蓄水池或沟渠中. Your waste must go to a permitted landfill. 要求你的搬运工提供适当处理你的垃圾的证明.
不冲洗或排放危险和非危险的特殊废物到卫生或暴雨下水道, creek, ditch, septic system, or underground tank. Chemicals poured, spilled, 或泄漏到下水道系统可能在下水道或地下室形成爆炸性蒸汽或破坏城市污水处理厂的运作. 地下排放可能会污染私人或公共供水系统, 而排放到地表水可能会杀死鱼, livestock, or other wildlife.
危险特殊废物和非危险特殊废物不得扔进垃圾箱, roll-off box, 或者是用来处理普通垃圾的垃圾桶. 垃圾可能会着火或伤害垃圾填埋场的搬运工或工人.
未经咨询,现场存放危险废物不得超过90天: 你的小企业产生了哪些类型的废物 and What Are Your Responsibilities, found in the IEPA Small Business Series, Steps to Managing Wastes. You may also contact the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency Land Permit section at 217/524-3300 or:
1021 N. Grand Ave
P. 0. Box 19276
Springfield, IL 62794-9276
217/524-3300
WALKING AND WORKING SURFACES AISLES AND FLOORS |
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标着"无出口" "通往地下室"
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HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL |
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HAZARDOUS MATERIALS FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS |
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Class A Ordinary combustible-materials fires
Class B Flammable liquid, gas or grease fires Class C Energized electrical-equipment fires |
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ASBESTOS |
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DON’T WAIT UNTIL 1998
本情况说明列出了现有USTs的基本升级需求. 开始计划您的升级,关闭或更换尽快!
DON’T WAIT...
你的UST是在1988年12月22日之前安装的吗?
If the answer is "yes," by December 22, 1998, you must:
- 升级UST通过添加溢出,溢油和腐蚀保护,或
- 更换一个新的UST有溢出,溢油和腐蚀保护,或
- Properly close the old UST.
以下信息将帮助您升级、替换或关闭USTs.
Remember the deadline: December 22, 1998.
SPILL PROTECTION
当输送卡车的软管断开时,经常会发生溢油现象. 您必须通过安装“溢出桶”来添加溢出保护." A spill bucket is a catchment basin sealed around the fill pipe and designed to catch spills from fuel delivery. Some spill buckets look like the one below:
如果您和您的送货司机遵循标准的燃油配送惯例, 几乎所有的溢漏和溢满都可以预防.
OVERFILL PROTECTION
溢油装置用于在油箱满容量之前限制或停止燃料的流动. 您的UST需要有以下其中一种溢油保护装置:
- An automatic shutoff device, or
- An overfill alarm, or
- A ball float valve.
Overfill devices may look like these below:
CORROSION PROTECTION
许多老的USTs泄漏,因为腐蚀损坏了金属和产生腐蚀孔. 您必须保护现有的UST免受外部腐蚀.
一些现有的ust已经满足腐蚀保护要求,如果他们是由非腐蚀性材料(如玻璃纤维)或他们的外部涂有非腐蚀性材料(如ACT-100罐). 具有耐腐蚀涂层和阴极保护的钢制储罐(如stip - p3储罐)也符合耐腐蚀要求.
如果你的油箱不是其中之一,已经从腐蚀保护, 您必须添加设备,以保护您现有的坦克免受腐蚀的损害. You have three choices:
- Add cathodic protection, or
- Add tank interior lining, or
- 结合阴极保护和储罐内衬.
Cathodic Protection
阴极保护有两种类型,它们都必须由腐蚀专家设计. One type, sacrificial anodes, 是否常用于具有耐腐蚀涂层的新型钢制储罐. For existing bare metal tanks, 腐蚀专家推荐另一种类型的“外加电流系统”." This system supplies a continuous underground electrical current that protects the UST from corrosion.
Tank Interior Lining
To protect a tank from corrosion, trained professionals must empty the tank, clean the interior to a white metal surface, check the soundness of the tank, make any necessary repairs, 加厚一层不腐蚀材料,并进行后续检查.
Note: Flexible inner liners (bladders) that fit inside a tank do not meet the tank interior lining requirements.
PIPING
现有的管道还必须进行防腐处理. 由非腐蚀性材料(如玻璃纤维)制成(或封闭在非腐蚀性材料内)的管道应满足腐蚀防护要求. 现有的金属管道必须有阴极保护, 新的金属管道必须有阴极保护和耐腐蚀涂层.
REPLACING USTs
只有正确安装有泄漏的新ust,才能更换现有的ust, overfill and corrosion protection. 不要忘记,所有新的和现有的USTs必须满足泄漏检测要求.
CLOSING USTs
如果ust没有正确关闭,它们可能会泄漏并产生问题. 您需要通知国家消防马歇尔办公室,您打算关闭您的UST. 然后确保只有经过培训的专业人员才能安全正确地关闭您的UST.
Upgrade or Replace Early
- As December 1998 nears, increased customer demand to upgrade, close, 或替换USTs可能会导致这些服务的更高收费.
- 早期升级可以防止现在到1998年12月之间发生的泄漏.
DON’T LET 1998 ARRIVE BEFORE YOU ARE READY!
AREA HAZARD ASSESSMENT SURVEY
说明:请复印此正规的网赌软件,并保留正本以备日后进行危害评估. 使用此正规的网赌软件的副本,对有问题的区域进行一次遍历调查. It will assist you in determining what hazards are present or are likely to be present in the work area.
Date:________________________________________ | Job Classification:___________________________ | |||||||
Area:________________________________________ | Shift: | Dept: | Group: | Team: | ||||
Job Name:___________________________________ | Job Description:____________________________ | |||||||
Assessor:____________________________________ |
AFFECTED PERSONAL AREA
ELECTRICAL HAZARDS
Insulating Blankets | |
Matting | |
Covers | |
Line Hose | |
Electrical Gloves | |
Electrical Sleeves |
个人防护装备(ppe)选择指南
NOTE: Personal Protective Equipment alone should not be relied upon to provide protection against hazards, but should be used in conjunction with guards, 工程控制和良好的生产实践.
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个人防护装备(ppe)人员培训指南
NOTE: The employer shall provide training to each employee who is required to use Personal Protective Equipment. 每个这样的员工都应接受至少了解以下内容的培训.
When PPE is necessary. | |
What PPE is necessary. | |
How to properly don, doff, adjust and wear PPE. | |
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The limitations of the PPE. |
眼睛或面部的危害可能包括:
Flying Particle | |
Molten Metal | |
Liquid Chemical | |
Acids or Caustic Liquids | |
Chemical Gases or Vapors | |
Light Radiation | |
可能对眼睛造成危害的工作包括:与酸和化学品打交道, chipping, grinding, lasers, furnace operations, sanding, welding, woodworking, etc. | |
PPE的解决方案建议 : _________________________________________________ |
RESPIRATORY HAZARDS MAY INCLUDE CONTAMINATION FROM ANY OF THE FOLLOWING: (Name the contaminant and concentration)
Lack of Oxygen | |
Dust, Mists, Fumes | |
Gases | |
Vapors | |
可能导致呼吸危险的工作包括:与酸和化学品打交道, grinding, welding, painting, confined space, mining, grain bin operations, etc. | |
PPE的解决方案建议 : ___________________________________________ |
HEAD HAZARDS MAY INCLUDE ANY OF THE FOLLOWING:
Impact | |
Electrical Shock | |
Falling Objects | |
Chemical Splash | |
可能导致头部危险的工作包括:在其他工人下面工作,他们正在使用可能掉落的工具和材料, 在可能导致材料或物体掉落的机器或工序下工作的, working with chemicals, working on energized electrical equipment, etc. | |
PPE的解决方案建议 : __________________________________________________ |
FOOT HAZARDS MAY INCLUDE ANY OF THE FOLLOWING:
Falling or Rolling Objects | |
Objects Piercing the Sole | |
Chemical Hazards | |
Electrical Hazards | |
可能造成足部危险的工作包括:搬运或搬运可能会掉下的物品, manual handling and working with hazards, working around energized electrical equipment, working with chemicals. Slips, etc. | |
PPE的解决方案建议 : _____________________________________________________ |
HAND HAZARDS MAY INCLUDE ANY OF THE FOLLOWING:
Skin Absorbsion of Harmful Substance | |
Cuts or Lacerations | |
Abrasions | |
Punctures | |
Chemical | |
Thermal Burns/Temperature Extremes | |
可能导致手部危险的工作包括:化学品处理, welding, handling sharp objects, handling hot objects, etc. | |
PPE的解决方案建议 : ___________________________________________________ |
电气危险可能包括以下任何一种:
Energized Electrical Equipment | |
可能导致电气危险的工作包括:线务员的工作, electrical maintenance, trenching operations, etc. | |
PPE的解决方案建议 : ___________________________________________________ |